China's leader Xi Jinping arrived in Moscow this week to reinforce ties with President Vladimir V. Putin, signaling a deepening alignment between the two nations amid shifting global dynamics. Xi is expected to be the main guest at Russia's annual May 9 Victory Day parade, commemorating the 80th anniversary of the Soviet Union’s victory over Nazi Germany.
The visit occurs while the Russia-Ukraine War continues, now in its fourth year. China has sought to position itself as a force for global stability, but Xi's appearance alongside Putin at the Moscow parade brings renewed attention to Beijing's support for Moscow. This support has included providing goods and trade that analysts say have helped Russia withstand Western sanctions.
For both leaders, the anniversary provides a stage to project strength and frame their countries' historical narratives. An article credited to Xi published in Russian media opposed "hegemonism and power politics," a stance often directed at the United States. Moscow and Beijing describe their relationship as forged in shared history, particularly their roles in World War II.
Xi's visit could complicate China's efforts to repair relations with Europe, a market Beijing needs as it faces trade tensions with the United States. American and Chinese officials are scheduled to meet soon for trade discussions, though a prolonged dispute remains probable. Access to European markets becomes more important for China's exports previously sent to American buyers.
Beyond the parade, discussions between Xi and Vladimir V. Putin are expected to cover the conflict in Ukraine, relations with the United States, and energy cooperation, including the proposed Power of Siberia-2 natural gas pipeline.
Other leaders, including Brazil’s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, Vietnam’s President To Lam, and Belarus leader Aleksandr Lukashenko, are also anticipated in Moscow for the commemoration. Contingents from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army honor guard will participate in the military parade.
The visit takes place against a backdrop of increased drone attacks on Russian territory. Ukraine recently launched drone strikes on Moscow, leading to temporary closures of airports. Ukrainian officials have issued warnings regarding potential attacks within Russia.
Analysts suggest the timing signals China and Russia's intent to present a united front against perceived US unilateralism. They aim to project stability and credibility in international affairs at a moment when the US is seen by some as disrupting long-standing alliances through its "America First" policies.
