long trend of declining religious affiliation in Western countries, particularly among Gen Z. While previous generations consistently reported lower rates of faith than their predecessors, studies show this pattern may be stabilizing or even shifting for the youngest adults.
For thirty years, researchers tracked a steady drop in Americans identifying with a religion. The share of "nones" – those with no religious affiliation – grew significantly starting in the 1990s, peaking around 30 percent. However, this increase appears to have stalled in recent years.
Analysis of multiple surveys indicates that Gen Z is the primary cohort not losing religious affiliation at the same rates as older generations. This change became noticeable around or after the Covid-19 pandemic. Data from the General Social Survey suggests Zoomers are unique in this regard.
Several theories attempt to explain why Gen Z might be finding or retaining faith. One explanation points to the widely discussed loneliness epidemic affecting younger Americans. As feelings of isolation and disconnection persist, some individuals may seek community and belonging in organized religion. Churches can provide social spaces and solace.
Another potential factor is a reaction against perceived establishments or status quos. As religious disaffiliation became more common among older cohorts, particularly millennials, faith could appear countercultural to younger individuals. Questioning secular institutions after the pandemic might lead some to explore religious avenues previously dismissed.
This trend is not limited to the United States. In the United Kingdom, reports indicate a potential spiritual revival, with some studies showing an increase in young churchgoers. UK Bible sales have also risen, with publishers attributing increased interest to Gen Z buyers.
A notable gender divide exists within this generational shift. While young men show a greater likelihood of increasing religious practice, some young women are leaving churches, particularly those perceived as less tolerant on issues like gender equality or sexual identity. Conversely, some content creators with influence among young men incorporate religious themes alongside political viewpoints.
Research links religious service attendance to improved adolescent mental health, suggesting community involvement and social connection offered by faith groups may play a role. This aligns with reports from young adults who describe finding peace, clarity, and purpose through their faith.
The future of this trend remains uncertain. Historical data shows that parental religiosity is a strong predictor of whether children retain faith. If a more religious Gen Z raises children within faith traditions, the long-term decline could be less severe than previous patterns suggested.
As one young Christian shared, “Hope is one of the biggest things I get out of my faith ... You’re never alone, no matter how much you may feel it. And I think that’s beautiful.”
